This recycling production house is located on the GCA c5.71 Gede Bage Bandung. Recycling production house has been standing since February 23, 2005. This production house is a production house founded by Mr. Iwan. Sir Iwan is a graduate of environmentalists Bandung Institute of technology. Intention to preserve the environment is very precious. Mr Iwan always tirelessly pursue these efforts areclearly very large contribution to environmental sustainability.

             Production house was able to improve the economy of surrounding communities. Because the results of the recycling of production can be sold and of course making money. Although at the beginning of its establishment many people assumed that the production house recycling is difficult to set up. But now every day the house of Mr Iwan which also houses the recycling of production is always crowded by people who want to recycle. Even from out of town and outside the islands have always come to Mr. Iwan's house to learn to recycle the wrappers.

            Production of marketing of recycled often marketed at the Exhibition.Many people consider the production of recycled wrap is unique and memorable, so marketing was always sold out. To get the main ingredient packs, Mr Iwan take of all herbs in the market traders Gede Bage, coffee houses around the complex and the houses surrounding communities.

            In his dream, Mr. Iwan wanted to make a large blanket to cover the building sate in Bandung. This dream as mayor challenging Mr. Iwan to wrap the building with recycled satay production house.

            During the journey, the production house has made recycling into the surrounding environment clean and comfortable, as free fromgarbage. Many people are now going into the recycling of plastic wrap and plastic garbage. Residents recognize that recycling hasraised the economic life. Even now citizens of other 3R has swept the world as the technology Takakura composting, planting trees at regular intervals, etc.

Car is one of the most important vehicles in our earth. But the car can make a dangerous pollution that can harm our environment. So the car maker is thinking that they can make a car that producing a little amount of pollution so they can save the earth and they finally make ECO CAR! Eco cars are vehicles that run using a combination of two or more power sources. There are also other benefits of eco car.

Here’s the full news!!

Why car is important?? Having a car is important because it can get you to places quicker. Other than that, some people get cars because of the freedom, style and status symbol that come along with it. Whatever the reason people buy cars, no one can deny the comfort and convenience they provide.

Not all pollution produced by cars is the same. But, In fact there are two types of pollution discharged by petrol vehicles.

1.       Exhaust emissions: including dangerous gases such as carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, hydrocarbons and particulates.

2.       Evaporative emissions: vapors of fuel which is released into the atmosphere, without being burnt.

Fuel vapor can be seen coming out of the car's petrol tank when you fill up at the service station, and can be reduced if we avoid spilling petrol and overfilling our cars. Properly fitted fuel caps can also stop further leakage of fuel vapors.

This is some example of eco car. Those are: The Mercedes-Benz F 600 HYGENIUS, Volvo Plug In Hybrid, Toyota Prius Hybrid.

So, what is exactly a hybrid car and why is it getting the attention of other people aside from our environmentalist friends?  Hybrid cars are vehicles that run using a combination of two or more power sources.  These make use of solar energy, kinetic energy, electric energy, coal among others, combined with the power of gasoline.  Most hybrid cars however, run on electric energy and kinetic energy with gasoline.  Hybrid cars look basically the same as your conventional cars.  The difference lies in the engine and elsewhere.  A hybrid car’s engine is smaller, and it is made of lightweight material.  It also uses a specially inflated tire to suit the car’s need.

These are other benefits of Eco Car.

First, Fuel costs. Hybrids cars use electric batteries as well as a petrol engine to help use less fuel which means you won't have to spend as much money to top up your car, in many cases as long as you aren't driving over a certain speed then you will barely touch the petrol at all. LPG conversions can help save money on fuel as well because the fuel is significantly cheaper than Petrol or Diesel and has a lower level of duty and taxation.

Second, Tax costs. The amount that drivers pay for road tax is now determined by the emissions levels put out by your car, these newer, greener vehicles can have as little as £0 to pay for Road Tax and other eco models of many popular cars can have very low tax costs to pay. This is hoped to encourage more people to switch to a greener vehicle as a cut in taxes is too good an opportunity to pass up.

These are some example statements from the authorities.

First, “If a car is well maintained and properly tuned it is likely to emit between 9 to 25 per cent less pollution into the atmosphere than a similar, poorly maintained vehicle. In addition, well maintained cars are also more fuel efficient...so you and your family have more money to spare for things other than petrol!” said the Victorian. Second, “Hybrid vehicles are starting to enter the mainstream” Toyota Motor.

References

Adams, Phil.2010.What Are The Features and Benefits of Going Green. Available at: http://www.ibtimes.com/contents/20100506/

Accessed on: 17th November 2011

Brosnan, Mike.2011.Hybrid Car – Hybrid Car Home. Availableat:

http://www.hybridcar.com/

Accessed on: 31st October 2011

Industries, Overhaul.2011. Why Choose Hybrid Cars? What is the Hybrid Car?.Available at :

http://eco-car.us/

Accessed on: 15th November 2011

Kitchen Furnitures.2011.Why Car is Important. Available at:

http://www.kitchennazi.com/why-cars-are-important/

Accessed on: 16th November 2011

Madslien, John.2011. Toyota targets hybrid growth. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-12675838 Accessed on: 16th November 2011 Victoria EPA.2011.Oh what a year!.Available at :

http://www.epa.vic.gov.au/air/aq4kids/cars.asp

Accessed on: 16th November 2011

Victoria EPA.2011.The Impact of Petrol Run Vehicles. Available at:   http://www.epa.vic.gov.au/air/aq4kids/cars.asp

Accessed on: 16th November 2011

Watch Out! Air Pollution Can Endanger Our Lives

NEWS WORTHY:

Air pollution is the introduction of chemical, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment, into the atmosphere.

BACKGROUND EVENTS:

Now we’re going to elaborate our topic. There are many different chemical substances that contribute to air pollution.Among the many types of air pollutants are nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides, and organic compounds that can evaporate and enter the atmosphere. The biggest thing that cause air pollution are the operation of fossil fuel-burning power plants and automobiles that combust fuel.

The effect of air pollution are so many. Older people are highly vulnerable to diseases induced by air pollution.  Those with heart or lung disorders are under additional risk..Many diseases could be caused by air pollution without their becoming apparent for a long time.  Diseases such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and  heart disease may all eventually appear in people exposed  to air pollution.Air pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide also have harmful effects on natural ecosystems.  They can causes some disasters such as,  Forest fires, volcanic eruptions, wind erosion, pollen dispersal, evaporation of organic compounds, and natural radioactivity. 

SOURCES:

And now, we will show results of public opinion about air pollution.We get the opinion from  Senior Program Officer of the Clean Air Project (Swisscontact), Paul Butar-Butar, and he said “94 percent of respiratory illnesses suffered by people in Jakarta are caused by outdoor air pollution. Such as those caused by smoke from public transport, for example Metromini that use diesel fuel. From the results of a survey of carbon monoxide (CO2), 50 percent of the vehicles did not pass emissions test. CO2 levels are above their threshold

And we also get another Sensimella at February 15th 2007 and she said,” i feel that air pollution is a major contributor to global warming and affects everyone from everywhere everyday. And i also feel that people should take as much action against it as they can so we and our children can get out of bed and know that the air we are breathing is safe and fresh”.

    REFERENCES ·         Caroline, David. 1999. Air Pollution Effect. Available at: http://library.thinkquest.org/26026/Environmental_Problems/air_pollution_-_solutions.html# . Accessed on: 26/10/2011 ·         National Geographic. 2011. Air Pollution Comes From Many Sources. Available at: http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/pollution-overview/. Accessed on: 27/10/2011 ·         Sensimella. 2011. What is your opinion on air pollution?? http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070212153044AAqud0Z . Accessed on: 26/10/2011. ·         Wikipedia. 2011. Air Pollution. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollutionAccessed on: 26/10/2011 ·         Tempointeraktif. 2010.Tempo interaktif Metro. http://www.tempointeraktif.com/hg/jakarta/2005/01/18/brk,20050118-10,id.html accessed on: 16/11/2011      

 

1. News worthy : water pollution occurs when a body of water is adversely affected due to the addition of large amounts of materials to the water. The sources of water pollution are categorized as being a point source or a non-source point of pollution. Point sources of pollution occur when the polluting substance is emitted directly into the waterway. A pipe spewing toxic chemicals directly into a river is an example. A non-point source occurs when there is runoff of pollutants into a waterway, for instance when fertilizer from a field is carried into a stream by surface runoff. And did you know how many types of water pollution? types of water pollution devided into 3 parts there are toxic substance, organic substence and thermal pollution.


Reference : Mbgnet, water pollution, available at: http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/pollute.htm accessed on: 27th of october 2011
2. Background : Toxic Substance  A toxic substance is a chemical pollutant that is not a naturally occurring substance in aquatic ecosystems. The greatest contributors to toxic pollution are herbicides, pesticides and industrial compounds.Reference : Mbgnet, water pollution, available at: http://www.mbgnet.net/fresh/pollute.htm accessed on: 27th of october 2011
     Organic Substance Organic pollution occurs when an excess of organic matter, such as manure or sewage, enters the water. When organic matter increases in a pond, the number of decomposers will increase. These decomposers grow rapidly and use a great deal of oxygen during their growth. This leads to a depletion of oxygen as the decomposition process occurs. A lack of oxygen can kill aquatic organisms. As the aquatic organisms die, they are broken down by decomposers which leads to further depletion of the oxygen levels. A type of organic pollution can occur when inorganic pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphates accumulate in aquatic ecosystems. High levels of these nutrients cause an overgrowth of plants and algae. As the plants and algae die, they become organic material in the water. The enormous decay of this plant matter, in turn, lowers the oxygen level. The process of rapid plant growth followed by increased activity by decomposers and a depletion of the oxygen level is called eutrophication.     Thermal Pollution -- Thermal pollution can occur when water is used as a coolant near a power or industrial plant and then is returned to the aquatic environment at a higher temperature than it was originally. Thermal pollution can lead to a decrease in the dissolved oxygen level in the water while also increasing the biological demand of aquatic organisms for oxygen. oil pollution. Oceans can be polluted by oil on a daily basis from oil spills, routine shipping, run-offs and dumping. These are the fact about oil pollution:

• Oil spills make up about 12% of the oil that enters the ocean. The rest come from shipping travel, drains and dumping.
• Oil spills cause a very localised problem but can be catastrophic to local marine wildlife such as fish, birds and sea otters.
• Oil cannot dissolve in water and forms a thick sludge in the water. This suffocates fish, gets caught in the feathers of marine birds stopping them from flying and blocks light from photosynthetic aquatic plants

Industry is a huge source of water pollution, it produces pollutants that are extremely harmful to people and the environment. Many industrial facilities use freshwater to carry away waste from the plant and into rivers, lakes and oceans.

Pollutants from industrial sources include:

• Asbestos – This pollutant is a serious health hazard and carcinogenic. Asbestos fibres can be inhaled and cause illnesses such as asbestosis, mesothelioma, lung cancer, intestinal cancer and liver cancer.
• Lead – This is a metallic element and can cause health and environmental problems. It is a non-biodegradable substance so is hard to clean up once the environment is contaminated. Lead is harmful to the health of many animals, including humans, as it can inhibit the action of bodily enzymes.
• • Mercury – This is a metallic element and can cause health and environmental problems. It is a non-biodegradable substance so is hard to clean up once the environment is contaminated. Mercury is also harmful to animal health as it can cause illness through mercury poisoning.
  • Nitrates – The increased use of fertilisers means that nitrates are more often being washed from the soil and into rivers and lakes. This can cause eutrophication, which can be very problematic to marine environments.
  • Phosphates - The increased use of fertilisers means that phosphates are more often being washed from the soil and into rivers and lakes. This can cause eutrophication, which can be very problematic to marine environments.
  • Sulphur – This is a non-metallic substance that is harmful for marine life.
  • Petrochemicals – This is formed from gas or petrol and can be toxic to marine life.
  Atmospheric deposition is the pollution of water caused by air pollution.
  
  
  • In the atmosphere, water particles mix with carbon dioxide sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, this forms a weak acid.
  • Air pollution means that water vapour absorbs more of these gases and becomes even more acidic.
  • When it rains the water is polluted with these gases, this is called acid rain.
  • When acid rain pollutes marine habitats such as rivers and lakes, aquatic life is harmed.
  
  Reference : Water-pollution, the causes of water pollution, 2011, available at: http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/causes.html accesed on: 30th of october 2011
  
  
  3.  sources  :  The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified 582 highly toxic chemicals, which are produced, manufactured, and stored in locations across the United States.                                      Reference : The free dictionary, water pollution, available at:http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Water+polution accessed on: 27th of october 2011

A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water submerges that land. In the other sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide.

While the size of a lake or other body of water will vary with seasonal changes in precipitation and snow melt, it is not a significant flood unless such escapes of water endanger land areas used by man like a village, city or other inhabited area.

Floods can also occur in rivers, when flow exceeds the capacity of the river channel, particularly at bends or meanders. Floods often cause damage to homes and businesses if they are placed in natural flood plains of rivers. While flood damage can be virtually eliminated by moving away from rivers and other bodies of water, since time out of mind, people have lived and worked by the water to seek sustenance and capitalize on the gains of cheap and easy travel and commerce by being near water. That humans continue to inhabit areas threatened by flood damage is evidence that the perceived value of living near the water exceeds the cost of repeated periodic flooding.                                                                                             Lately in various regions of frequent flooding, following the influence of flooding:

Primary effects: Physical damage – Can damage any type of structure, including bridges, cars, buildings, sewerage systems, roadways, and canals.

Secondary effects: Water supplies – Contamination of water. Clean drinking water becomes scarce. Diseases – Unhygienic conditions. Spread of water-borne diseases. Transport - Transport links destroyed, so hard to get emergency aid to those who need it.

Tertiary/long-term effects: Economic – Economic hardship, due to: temporary decline in tourism, rebuilding costs, food shortage leading to price increase, etc

In various areas, flooding is very difficult to control, but some efforts from society and government can be enough to overcome the flood example in many countries across the world, rivers prone to floods are often carefully managed. Defenses such as levees, bunds, reservoirs, and weirs are used to prevent rivers from bursting their banks. When these defenses fail, emergency measures such as sandbags or portable inflatable tubes are used. Coastal flooding has been addressed in Europe and the Americas with Coastal defenses, such as sea walls, beach nourishment, and barrier islands.

Flooding is also a natural phenomenon that cannot be predicted, the EU Floods directive said a flood as a temporary covering by water of land not normally covered by water. Deluge myths are mythical stories of a great flood sent by a deity or deities to destroy civilization as an act of divine retribution, and are featured in the mythology of many cultures.

References:

 

Wikipedia.org.22/09/2011. Flood, available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood, access on: November 22, 2011

 

panda.org.22/09/2011. Natural disaster flood, available at:http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/teacher_resources/webfieldtrips/natural_disasters/floods, access on: November 22, 2011

 

Library.thinkquest.org.22/09/2011. Flood, available at:http://library.thinkquest.org/C003603/english/flooding/causesoffloods.shtml , access on: November 22, 2011

 

projectshum.org.22/09/2011. Natural disaster flood, available at:http://www.projectshum.org/NaturalDisasters/flood.html , access on: November 22, 2011

 

Wikipedia.org.22/09/2011. Flood, available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood, access on: November 22, 2011

Pollution Is Very Dangerous For Health

            Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability, disorder, harm or disease in human organs. Maybe people just think pollution is harmful to the lungs, in fact hazardous pollutants also contaminate other organs such as eyes, heart, and brain.

Pollution is harmful to the respirator which includes the nose, throat, and lungs.  The pollution can cause irritation of nose, and the throat feels like its burnt. It also can make the lung smaller. It turned out that pollution is also harmful to the eyes, pollution make our eyes get wet and cause blurred vision, try it when we're in an area that a lot of pollution definitely our vision will be blurred, for example in the area Tegalega. More over pollution can also be dangerous for the heart, pollution can cause red blood cells inhibited. Carbon dioxide which is inhaled will be tied to erythrocyte, and it will hamper the erythrocyte and provide oxygen to the whole of body. The diseases in the lung is caused by the low oxygen content. And lastly pollutants are harmful to the brain, brain function becomes weaker because the oxygen in our brain is decreasing when carbon dioxide is closed . When we are in an area that is affected by a lot of pollution we will get headache

The opinion of there are some opinions from some people on air polution

First, a pedestrian in Bandung Tegalega said “pollution very interfere with breathing, it feels cramped when the place that a lot of pollution for example here”.

Second, of one physician in Indonesia said "Pollution is harmful to our bodies, so let us as human beings together to reduce pollution in Indonesia"
References:

1. Guardian news.2011.pollution.available at : http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment. access on 27th October 2011

2. Hendra.Pengaruh pencemaran lingkungan.Available at :

http://hend-learning.blogspot.com. Access on 27 October 2011

3. Natural News.2006.pollution,Available at :

http://www.naturalnews.com/pollution.html. Access on 27th October 2011

4. Putra.2009,pencemaran udara,dampak, dan solusinya Available at :http://putracenter.net/2009/01/07/pencemaran-udara-dampak-dan-solusinya/. access on 27th October 2011

5. Scribd.2011.polusi udara.available at:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/22536905/POLUSI-UDARA. Access on 27th October 2011

Sidoarjo Mudflow

Newsworthy :

Since December 2006, in the district of Sidoarjo, the Lapindo mudflow has caused havoc. The disastrous mud volcano was the result of the oil drilling company Lapindo Brantas Inc. This particular mud flow is located in Porong, in the southern district of the Sidoarjo region, 12km south of the town of Sidoarjo.

Based on multiple expert´s opinions, the mudflow was caused by a fracture. This phenomenon has already occurred hundreds of years ago. The amount of mud in Sidoarjo that comes out from under the earth is about 100,000 cubic meters per day, which is not possible out of a “drilling” hole which is as only around 30 cm wide.

            The Lapindo mudflow has become increasingly alarming, an uncontrolled disaster that made a very significant impact, such as polluting the air, contaminating water, flooding villages, criminal growing, mental impacts, etc.

Background Events :

one of the solutions is to dump the polluted mudflow into the sea. Such action is extremely dangerous to the environment around the estuary.

Kriswanto, Juni.demotix.2010.Four Years of The Lapindo Mudflow in Indonesia.available at http://www.demotix.com/news/339347/four-years-lapindo-mudflow-indonesia accessed on 26th October 2011  

Sources :

These are some sources from the scientists who would study the hot mud that has been surging from a hole in the ground for the past five years without any sign of abating.

"We have assembled scientists from several countries who will try to determine what had created the continuing mudflow considered to be the biggest of its kind in the world," Jeffrey said.

He said it had been estimated the phenomenon could last for up to 25 to 30 more years.

Besides that, there are also some scientist that comments about how to stop the mudflow. Such as James Mori and Richard Davies.

“Perhaps, some brilliant people in Indonesia will be able to [stop the flow],” said James, a visiting geology expert from Kyoto University in Japan. He said that he can't be certain when the mud will stop gushing out. Something that would stop it, he said, was hydrostatic equilibrium, which sounds like something that doesn't come along too often. If hydrostatic equilibrium did not occur Mori puts his faith in Indonesian ingenuity:

            “The latest plan to drop chains of concrete balls inside the main geyser to slow down the spewing mud is an interesting experiment. But again it's unlikely to work.” said Richard, a British volcanologist who is a mud volcano specialist and professor at Durham University.

He said any efforts to stop or curb the mudflow would be highly dangerous. He added that the system of mud walls built by the national mudflow response team to control the sludge also posed a threat. Hands off, he advised:

“People should just leave the (mud volcano) alone. The embankment is dangerous. If it collapses, it could create an intense hazard.”

Largest Oil Spills in History

-Louisiana Oil Spills-

 

  On April 20, 2010, a large oil spill began in the Gulf of Mexico after an explosion on a British Petroleum (BP) oil drilling rig there called Deepwater Horizon, killing 11 workers and commencing months of oil leaking unrestrained into the ocean. This oil spills also called Louisiana Oil Spills, because the most affected area was Louisiana, USA.

 

            Meanwhile, oil spill itself is releasing of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially marine areas, due to human activity, and is a form of pollution.

 

Oil spills can categorize as a bad disaster. It causes contamination of water. It also destructs the biodiversity in the sea. Usually the cast never be responsible for what they have done. The cast who did oil spills usually a big company such as British Petroleum, Chevron, Odyssey and PEMEX.

 

The oil spills in Mexico (that did by British Petroleum) have been the worst oil spills in US history.  It was surpassing the damage done by the Exxon Valdez tanker that spilled 11 million gallons of oil into the ecologically sensitive Prince William Sound in 1989. It flew to 5,000 barrels or 210,000 gallons per day.  It is estimated that over 205 million gallons of oil were released into the Gulf.

At first, British Petroleum (BP) tried to lower a 125-tonne, 18-metre (59 feet) high container dome over the main leak on the sea floor. But, this failed when gas leaking from the pipe mixed with water to form hydrates, ice-like crystals that blocked up the steel canopy. This disaster killed 11 men and injured 17 others.

 

It also caused extensive damage to marine and wildlife habitats and to the Gulf's fishing and tourism industries. For examp­le the sea birds covered by oils, it makes them hard to fly. Another example is killer whale. The oil that spills the ocean may be eaten by them. We know that oil was so dangerous and toxic.

The oil reached the Louisiana shore on April 30, affected about 125 miles of coast. By early June, oil had also reached Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi. It is the largest oil spill in U.S. history.

But, there are many solutions for oil spills. Some people said, to prevent and to handle the oil spill are by doing skimming, natural degradation, dispersant, and biological helpers.

At first British Petroleum proudly stated that they will drill the Gulf of Mexico.

"Wednesday's announcement that U.S. officials have approved BP's plan to drill a new deepwater well in the Gulf of Mexico is great news, not only for BP, but the entire oil and gas industry," said Chris John, president of Louisiana Mid-Continent Oil and Gas Association.

"I applaud BP's efforts to restoring both the environment and economy in the Gulf of Mexico, while cautiously and carefully moving forward on new opportunities that will benefit everyone," said John. But, that brilliant plans turning into a worst disaster.

Whereas, Stephen Sears, chairman of the petroleum engineering department at Louisiana State University said, "Typically, a very good well in the Gulf can produce 30,000 barrels a day, but that's under control. I have no idea what an uncontrolled release could be.”

References

 

About.com. 2011.Geography of the World's Largest Oil Spills. available at http://geography.about.com/od/lists/a/largestoilspills.htm Accessed on 26th 2011

Al.com.2010.Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill 2010: The worst-case Scenario. available at http://blog.al.com/live/2010/04/gulf_mexico_oil_spill_worst_case.html accessed on 6th November 2011

Article Base.2011.Louisiana BP Oil Spills. available at http://www.articlesbase.com/nature-articles/louisiana-bp-oil-spill-exclusive-photos-and-video-2326846.html accessed on 2nd November 2011

BBC News.2011.Oil spill in Gulf of Mexico in maps and graphics. Available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8651333.stm accessed on 15th November 2011 CNN World.2011.Lesson learned form the largest oil spills in history. Available at http://articles.cnn.com/2010-06-04/world/kuwait.oil.spill_1_slicks-oil-spill-rigs-and-pipelines?_s=PM:WORLD accessed on 2nd November 2011

eHow.2011.Solutions for Oil Spills. available at http://www.ehow.com/way_5201147_solutions-oil-spills.html accessed on 16th November 2011

Infoplease.2011.Oil Spills and Disasters. Available at http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001451.html accessed on 16th November 2011

Nola.com.2011. BP wins first Gulf of Mexico deepwater drilling permit since Deepwater Horizon disaster. available at http://www.nola.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/10/bp_wins_first_gulf_of_mexico_d.html accessed on 15th November 2011

Thinkquest.2011.Oil Spills. available at http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0215471/oil_spills.htm accessed on 16th November 2011

Wikipedia.2011.Oil Spills. available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_spill accessed on 16th November 2011

Illegal Logging: Complicated Problem for Indonesia Government

Newsworthy :

Illegal logging is the harvest, transportation, purchase or sale of timber in violation of laws.

Indonesia as the country that has many rain forests. In 2003 area forests in Indonesia is about 20 million hectare. Definitely Indonesia has a problem to stop this and they have a problem of the effect.

Illegal logging in Indonesia is uncontrolable, the government can't solve this problem because:

1)            The woodchucks bribe the guard.

2)            The woodchucks drift away the wood into the river.

3)            The government seldom inspect the forests.

Background  events:

All the woodchucks do illegal logging because wood is the seductive business. They sell the wood to another country. The most expensive wood is teak. The teak wood is very expensive because it hard brittle.

The illegal logging in the district of North Aceh is more worried. It is happen in the ​​District of Pirak Timu, Cot Girek, Langkahan ,Sawang and Nisam Reuters.

In District Pirak Timu, the woodchucks are supported by illegal logging rampant logging companies. They are usually backed special groups that have the power or be able to  intervene in local government officials.

Ironically, the loggers and timber transporters that can do it freely. They are suspected to bribe the forests officers or other security forces.

The woodchucks have a special way in order the woods to collector and the police can’t detect because they sweep away the woods on the river. After the woods arrive, the collector will take it then the collectors sell the woods to another country.

Lake Kasen is a timber transit port. From Lake Kasen, the woodchucks drift away the wood to Lanjak. Lanjak is a timber port in the region of Lake Sentarum and Kapuas.
From Lake Kasen, the woods are roped together from 6 woods to 7 woods. 

Then, the woods are dropped down to Leboyan River through Sematik river. The woodchucks rope the woods with drums, so the woods can floats. It takes one day to bring woods to downstream.
After arriving at the Leboyan river, the workers assemble woods into rafts. Each raft is consisted of 30 wooden blocks. There is 1000 blocks of woods, which are sent by a motor to Lanjak Sentarum Lake.

Governments seldom inspect the forest. The governments inspect the forest if only there is a special event on environment. That’s why people can cut the forest freely.

Besides getting fees from harvested timber, people also cut wood around their village. They cut wood in the dry season, between April-September. At that time, most of the dry lake surface. When the rainy season arrives, the people bring the wood that has been felled by a raft, to Rumah Betang.

TNI and the police usually ask for a direct tribute to the logging companies from Malaysia. They have never asked to the people in the village. They also become an mediator for those who want to go to the location of the new harvest.

Sources :

We got opinion from Abdul Latif, a resident of Pirak Timu. Abdul Latif said " If the officer once find out the case of illegal cutting , the woodchucks will bribe the police around Rp 20.000 -  Rp 50.000. It depends on the negotiations or the amount of wood that was brought" Thursday (17 / 2).

We also got opinion from environmentlist  named Sodik , “The officers have never come to the location. Their eyes are closed. But in the fact the officers know "

  If the government seriously fight with the woodchuck, they will do like Kapolda West Borneo, Brigjen Pol Nanan Soekarna. After48 Hours he is a police chief in West Borneo, he arrested 6 undocumented timber trucks in Wajor. Nanan said "Combating illegal logging must be a commitment together. The community must also help the police, so that this effort can go on.” This is a fact that the coordination between the government and the society is important.

References

1.      Abdullah, Amirudin. 2011. Pembalakan Liar di Aceh Utara Makin Merajalela. Available at : http://www.acehforum.or.id/showthread.php/59208-Pembalakan-Liar-di-Aceh-Utara-Makin-Merajalela. Accessed on 17th of November 2011

2.      Ahera, Anne. 2011. Luas Hutan Indonesia. Available at :

http://www.anneahira.com/luas-hutan-indonesia.htm. Accessed on 15th of November 2011

3.      Erwin. 2010. Indonesia Illegal Logging. What’s your opinion about law? Who will responsible? Available at :

http://www.facebook.com/topic.php?uid=23489523992&topic=3871. Accessed on 13th of November 2011

4.      Logging, illegal. 2011. Illegal logging. Available at :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegal_logging. Accessed on 24th of October 2011

5.      Suhaeri, Muhlis. 2010. Luruh Hbais Hutan Sentarum. Available at :

http://m.vhrmedia.com/detailmobile.php?.e=778. Accessed on 15th of November 2011

6.      Suhaeri, Muhlis. 2011. Illegal Logging di Kalimantan Barat. Available at :

http://muhlissuhaeri.blogspot.com/2011/01/illegal-logging-di-kalimantan-barat.html. Accessed on 15th of November 2011

Plastic bag? Did you know plastic bag? We can find plastic in everywhere, somewhere between 500 billion and a trillion plastic bags are consumed worldwide each year. Plastic bag may take 1,000 years or more to break down into ever smaller particles that continue to pollute the soil and water. Here are the things you can do to help:

·        Switch to reusable shopping bags.

·        Recycle your plastic bags.

What is reusable shopping bags? Reusable shopping bags made from renewable materials conserve resources by replacing paper and plastic bags. Reusable bags are convenient and come in a variety of sizes, styles and materials. When not in use, some reusable bags can be rolled or folded small enough to fit easily into a pocket.



Recycle your plastic bags also can we do to minimize the plastic bag. If you do end up using plastic bags now and then, be sure to recycle them. Many grocery stores now collect plastic bags for recycling. If yours doesn't, check with your community recycling program to learn how to recycle plastic bags in your area.

EPA said that  reusable bag needs only to be used eleven times to have a lower environmental impact than using eleven disposable bags. Only one percent of plastic bags are recycled.

National Geographic said somewhere between 500 billion and a trillion plastic bags are consumed worldwide each year.The world's largest landfill can be found floating between Hawaii and San Francisco. Wind and sea currents carry marine debris from all over the world to what is now known as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. This 'landfill' is estimated to be twice the size of Texas and thousands of pounds of our discarded trash, mostly plastics.

References

1.    Environment. 2007.  Plastic Bag. Available at: http://www.salon.com/2007/08/10/plastic_bags/ Accessed on: October 25, 2011

2.    Evironmental. 2008. Plastic Bag Facts. Available at:

http://www.natural-environment.com/blog/2008/01/10/environmental-impact-of-plastic-bags/

 Accessed on: October 25, 2011

3.    Environmental Issue. 2011. Anti Plastic Bag.  Available at: http://www.envirosax.com/plastic_bag_facts Accessed on: October 25, 2011

4.    Go Green! 2008. Reusable Plastic Bag. Available at: http://environment.about.com/od/recycling/a/reusablebags.htm Accessed on: October 25, 2011

5.    National  Geographic.2003. Plastic Bags. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/09/0902_030902_plasticbags.html Accessed on: 2011/10/15

6.    Natural Environment. 2008. Impact of plastic bag. Available at: http://www.natural-environment.com/blog/2008/01/10/environmental-impact-of-plastic-bags/ Accessed on: 2011/10/15

7.    No Plastic Bag. 2007. Plastic. http://www.noplasticbags.org.au/home/default.aspx Accessed on: 2011/10/15

8.    Plastic Bag. 2009. Why Stop Using Plastic Bag? Available at:

http://environment.about.com/od/reducingwaste/a/no_plastic_bags.htm

Accessed on: October 25, 2011

9.    Wikipedia. 2008. Plasic Bag. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_bag Accessed on: October 25, 2011